A Harvard addiction scientist and a former government lawyer are urging the US Department of Justice to reject a plan that would ease federal restrictions on cannabis, which the industry has been counting on to grow their businesses.
In a new paper published Wednesday in JAMA Psychiatry, the authors argue that the Biden administration’s push to reclassify cannabis relied on flawed reasoning and downplayed health risks, including cannabis-use disorder and links to psychosis.
The new paper adds to the arguments against rescheduling and could give the Trump administration more cover to block the move.
The US Department of Health and Human Services during former president Joe Biden’s term made the case that cannabis warrants rescheduling because it’s already widely used as medicine in state programs to offer relief for conditions such as chronic pain, and carries a lower potential for abuse and harm than substances like opioids.
However, the study’s authors criticized the comparison. “In essence, HHS’ reasoning is tantamount to saying that getting hit by a truck is relatively safe because it’s less damaging than getting hit by a train,” the authors said.
The authors include Bertha Madras, a Harvard Medical School professor and addiction researcher who served on President Trump’s 2017 opioid commission. The second author, Paul Larkin, was previously a Justice Department lawyer who’s now at the Heritage Foundation, which helped develop the Project 2025 agenda, a conservative policy plan that shares common themes with Trump’s policy priorities.
They also argue that federal health officials failed to fully consider risks such as youth consumption, rising rates of cannabis-use disorder, cannabis-impaired driving, and growing evidence linking high-potency marijuana to psychosis.
Rescheduling would move cannabis into a lower-risk category, recognizing its potential medical use. It wouldn’t legalize the drug federally but would loosen restrictions, ease tax burdens, and make it easier for cannabis companies to access financial services and claim tax deductions. The shift could also spark investment and legalization in more states, analysts say.
The effort to reschedule cannabis began in 2022, when Biden instructed federal health and law enforcement agencies to reassess marijuana’s status as a Schedule I drug, the government’s strictest classification that includes LSD and heroin. The Justice Department later recommended moving cannabis to Schedule III, prompting a formal review by the Drug Enforcement Administration.
The rescheduling process has stalled under the current Trump administration, leaving the cannabis industry and investors in limbo. The DEA postponed hearings earlier this year following legal appeals, and federal officials have not announced a new timeline.
HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., who previously supported federal decriminalization, recently warned about the public health risks of high-potency marijuana. In February, Kennedy said there is a need for more research on cannabis effects and called for policies to address its harms.
The House Appropriations Committee previously called for an investigation into the cannabis rescheduling process. In a report published last July, lawmakers directed the HHS Inspector General to review whether the Biden-era review followed proper standards and encouraged the FDA to study the mental health risks of high-potency marijuana use among adolescents.
A Harvard addiction scientist and a former government lawyer are urging the Department of Justice to reject a plan that would ease federal restrictions on cannabis, which the industry has been counting on to grow their businesses. Read More
